This is when we require pressure, temperature compensation where in actual operating conditions will be used. The volumes of gas/steam measured are highly affected by pressure and temperature. Once the pressure/temp varies, density will be affected due to which Volume will change and the DP transmitter cannot detect the density changes. In the industry, practically, these parameters like design temperature and design pressure cannot be maintained throughout the operation. Flow output is valid when we operate the plant at the specified operating conditions as per flow element sizing calculation. Square rooting can be done either at DP type flow transmitter side or at the control system side. This Differential pressure then square rooted to convert into the equivalent flow. The orifice produces differential pressure (DP) across the plate and it is sensed by DP type transmitter. The orifice is normally used for flow measurement of liquid, gas, and steam.
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